SQL INSERT STATEMENT

SQL INSERT statement is a SQL query. It is used to insert a single or a multiple records in a table.

There are two ways to insert data in a table:

1. By SQL insert into statement
   1. By specifying column names
   2. Without specifying column names
2. By SQL insert into select statement

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1) Inserting data directly into a table

You can insert a row in the table by using SQL INSERT INTO command.

There are two ways to insert values in a table.

In the first method there is no need to specify the column name where the data will be inserted, you need only their values.

INSERT INTO table_name  

VALUES (value1, value2, value3....);

The second method specifies both the column name and values which you want to insert.

INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, column3....)  

VALUES (value1, value2, value3.....);

Let’s take an example of table which has five records within it.

INSERT INTO STUDENTS (ROLL_NO, NAME, AGE, CITY)  

VALUES (1, ABHIRAM, 22, ALLAHABAD);  

INSERT INTO STUDENTS (ROLL_NO, NAME, AGE, CITY)  

VALUES (2, ALKA, 20, GHAZIABAD);  

INSERT INTO STUDENTS (ROLL_NO, NAME, AGE, CITY)  

VALUES (3, DISHA, 21, VARANASI);  

INSERT INTO STUDENTS (ROLL_NO, NAME, AGE, CITY)  

VALUES (4, ESHA, 21, DELHI);  

INSERT INTO STUDENTS (ROLL_NO, NAME, AGE, CITY)  

VALUES (5, MANMEET, 23, JALANDHAR); 

It will show the following table as the final result.

ROLL_NO	NAME	AGE	CITY
1	ABHIRAM	22	ALLAHABAD
2	ALKA	20	GHAZIABAD
3	DISHA	21	VARANASI
4	ESHA	21	DELHI
5	MANMEET	23	JALANDHAR

You can create a record in CUSTOMERS table by using this syntax also.

INSERT INTO CUSTOMERS   

VALUES (6, PRATIK, 24, KANPUR);

The following table will be as follow:

ROLL_NO	NAME	AGE	CITY
1	ABHIRAM	22	ALLAHABAD
2	ALKA	20	GHAZIABAD
3	DISHA	21	VARANASI
4	ESHA	21	DELHI
5	MANMEET	23	JALANDHAR
6	PRATIK	24	KANPUR

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2) Inserting data through SELECT Statement

SQL INSERT INTO SELECT Syntax

INSERT INTO table_name  

[(column1, column2, .... column)]  

SELECT column1, column2, .... Column N  

FROM table_name [WHERE condition];  

Note: when you add a new row, you should make sure that data type of the value and the column should be matched.

If any integrity constraints are defined for the table, you must follow them.