PostgreSQL and MariaDB both are the types of relational database management system (RDBMS), where both the software are open-source RDBMS and used to store data in the database.
In this section, we are going to discuss the differences between PostgreSQL and MariaDB database systems based on various aspects. But, first, we are going to learn the necessary information about MariaDB.
What is MariaDB?
It is an open-source tool, which comes in the GNU General Public License. It is a commercially supported fork of the MySQL RDBMS. The development of MariaDB is managed by some of the original designers of MySQL. MariaDB is introduced to retain high compatibility with MySQL, and also contains new storage engines such as Column Store, Aria, and My Rocks.
To support native non-blocking operations and progress reporting, the protocol and API’s of MariaDB are compatible with those used by MySQL. It is cross-platform software; that’s why we can run the MariaDB in several operating systems such as Windows, Linux, and macOS.
Let us see some of the essential differences between PostgreSQL and MariaDB, which will help us to enhance our knowledge:
| Different Aspects | PostgreSQL | MariaDB |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | It is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS) that is compatible with various SQL features. It follows the transaction along with the ACID (Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability) properties. It also provides the complete support for foreign keys, View, Joins, Triggers, and Stored procedures. | It is an open-source RDBMS. It provides high availability, security, performance abilities, and interoperability. The updated and new version of MariaDB has capabilities that enhanced the schema and SQL completeness. |
| Developed | The PostgreSQL global development group develops it. | The MariaDB Foundation (community MariaDB Server), MariaDB Corporation Ab (MariaDB Enterprise), develops it. |
| Released | PostgreSQL was released in 1996. | MariaDB was released in 2009. |
| Latest release version | The latest release version is PostgreSQL 12.3 [May 2020] | The latest release version is 10.4.12 [January 2020] |
| License | PostgreSQL license comes under the MIT-style. | MariaDB contains only one license of GPLv2. |
| Programmed or Written in | It has primarily written in C language. | It has primarily written in C and C++ languages. |
| Programming languages | PostgreSQL support several programming languages such as C, C++, Java, .Net, Perl, Python, Tcl, JavaScript (Node.js), and PHP. | MariaDB support various programming languages such as C, C++, Java, C#, Perl, PHP, Ruby, Tcl, Python, Ada, JavaScript (Node.js), and so on. |
| Platforms | Primarily it supports Unix, Window, Linux, FreeBSD, HP-UX, NetBSD, OpenBSD, OS X, and Solaris. | Primarily it is compatible with several operating systems like Windows, FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris, etc. |
| Features | Following are the characteristic of PostgreSQL:It supports multiple features of SQL.It is highly extensible.It is compatible with Data Integrity.It supports various programming languages.It is free to download.It is compatible with secondary indexes.It provides the XML support.It is highly reliable.Compatible on several operating systems.PostgreSQL is consistent with the data scheme. | Following are essential features of a MariaDB:It contains a high-performance storage engine as well as a wide selection of storage engines, which helps to work with other RDBMS data sources.It licensed under LGPL, GPL, or BSD.It follows the standard and popular querying language.It provides support for PHP, which is one of the most popular web development languages.It supports multiple operating systems that’s why we can execute MariaDB on various platforms.It is compatible with several programming languages.It supports Galera cluster technology.It follows immediate consistency concepts.The ultimate cloud of MariaDB is SkySQL, which is the first and only DBaaS to take the MariaDB platform’s full power to the cloud. |
| Other accessing methods and APIs | In PostgreSQL, we can access the following methods JDBC, ODBC, native C library, ADO.NET, and streaming API for large objects. | In MariaDB, we can access the following methods, including ODBC, ADO.NET, JDBC, and Proprietary native API. |
| Partitioning methods | It can be divided by List, Range, and hash (later PostgreSQL 11). | It supports horizontal partitioning. |
| Replication | It supports Master-slave Replication, such as cascading, streaming, and synchronous replications. | It supports master-master and master-slave replication of the data such as parallel, semi-synchronous, and multi-master clustering through MariaDB Galera Cluster. And the different versions of MariaDB allow replicating data from MySQL server to the MariaDB server. |
| Document Maintains | In PostgreSQL, the documentation is kept by the PostgreSQL Main Team. But, after creating a PostgreSQL community account, some members of the group can manage or produce the records. | In MariaDB, the documentation is preserved by the MariaDB Foundation and MariaDB Corporation. But the active community of providers can enhance, generate, and translate the records. |
| In memory competences | PostgreSQL does not have memory capabilities. | MariaDB does have memory capabilities. |
| Database Structure | It is compatible with the most important features and essential requirements of ISO/IE 9075:2011. | The database structure of MariaDB is parallel to MySQL. And as we know that MariaDB is an enhanced version of MySQL and remains dedicated to being a drop-in additional for MySQL. |
| Server-side scripting | It is compatible with user-defined functions. | It supports server-side scripting. |
| Used by | Large organizations can use it, such as E-Commerce, Manufacturing, Education, Biopharma, Gaming, Government, Finance Healthcare, Media, Technology, Retail, and Telecom, along with several open-source projects. | It is used by various large companies, Linux deliveries, and more. The company which used MariaDB is as following: Google, Alibaba, WordPress.com, Facebook, HP, Wikipedia, and Tencent. |
| Official website | https://www.postgresql.org/ | https://mariadb.com/ |
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